Proyecto de jaulas metálicas con electricidad intenta salvar a los corales

El aumento del dióxido de carbono en la atmósfera, uno de los causantes del calentamiento global del planeta, también atenta contra los arrecifes de coral. Los mismos, formados por la acumulación de esqueletos calcáreos de distintos organismos, son esenciales para un cuarto de toda la vida marina y también para los seres humanos (ya que ayudan a contener algunas corrientes oceánicas fuertes). Por ello, su desaparición puede significar un gran problema ambiental. 

Lamentablemente, los corales ya están reduciéndose a una velocidad alarmante: se calcula que ya se perdió el 27% de los arrecifes del mundo y que otro 60% se extinguirá en 30 años si no se hace nada al respecto. Es por estas causas que en distintas partes del mundo se están llevando acciones y estudios para salvar a los corales. Ahora, un experimento que involucra cajas de metal submarinas con corrientes eléctricas aparece como una alternativa que podría ayudar a recuperar a los corales. 

Foto: Los corales de las Islas Maldivas, en recuperación. ©Nattu. 

La investigación se está llevando a cabo en el Centro de Investigación Marina de Malé, en las Islas Maldivas (que ya perdieron un 90% de sus arrecifes de coral), bajo el nombre de Proyecto Vabbinfaru. 

Informa BBC Mundo que allí, un grupo de científicos colocó en el fondo marino 'jaulas' metálicas conectadas a una corriente eléctrica. Los impulsos provenientes de esta corriente provocaron una reacción química en el agua que hizo que las jaulas se cubrieran de una sustancia parecida a la cal, y que permitió la rápida proliferación de corales sobre las mismas. 

De esta forma, se logró que los corales crecieran de una forma mucho más rápida que la generación natural, y con un costo relativamente bajo. Deberán pasar al menos 10 años para que los corales de las islas se recuperen totalmente, pero el experimento ha permitido acelerar el proceso. 

La iniciativa ahora se está probando en otros sitios en los que los corales están en peligro, como Bali, Indonesia y México. 

Si bien esto no representa una solución para el problema de los corales, al menos abre una esperanza para una posible recuperación de los mismos.

Más información: 

Niveles de CO2 amenazan a los corales (The Guardian, en inglés) 

Nueva esperanza para los corales (BBC Mundo)

Comments

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